Summary
This case-control study aimed to identify risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in newborns and establish criteria for selective hip ultrasound screening.
The study included 95 newborns, with 29 cases having abnormal hip ultrasounds and 66 controls with normal results. Significant risk factors for DDH included female gender, breech presentation, positive Ortolani test, positive Barlow test, and limited hip abduction. The final model incorporated breech presentation, a positive Ortolani test, and a positive Barlow test.
The established model demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.10% and specificity of 80.30%, with a high area under the ROC curve of 0.9308. These findings suggest that newborns with breech presentation, and positive Ortolani and Barlow tests should undergo hip ultrasound screening for DDH, emphasizing the importance of a thorough history and physical examination.
