A groundbreaking noninvasive malaria detection test developed by researchers from Yale School of Public Health, in collaboration with colleagues in Cameroon and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, could significantly transform the global landscape of malaria testing. Current methods rely on invasive blood samples, posing risks and limitations, particularly for vulnerable populations like children and pregnant women. However, the new test, described in a study published in Nature Communications, employs a device called the Cytophone, which utilizes targeted lasers and ultrasound to detect malaria-infected cells without the need for blood samples.
The Cytophone works by identifying hemozoin, an iron crystal that accumulates in red blood cells infected with malaria parasites. This technology can yield results within minutes using a noninvasive probe placed on the skin above a vein. Initial tests conducted in Cameroon demonstrated the device’s promising performance, achieving 90% sensitivity and 69% specificity in detecting malaria infections, comparable to current blood-based diagnostic standards.
Originally conceived for cancer detection, the Cytophone represents an innovative leap in malaria diagnostics. Researchers emphasized the importance of collaboration with local teams in Cameroon, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which facilitated successful testing. The team plans to enhance the device’s capabilities to differentiate between malaria species and improve its sensitivity. With malaria causing over 600,000 deaths annually, this technology has the potential to support the World Health Organization’s goal of reducing malaria cases by 90% globally and eliminating the disease in 35 countries by 2030, ultimately improving disease detection and treatment accessibility in low- and middle-income regions.
