Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation for Splenic Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: A Viable Therapeutic Option

Splenic metastases are rare, occurring in less than 1% of all metastatic cancers, and typically emerge in cases of widespread disease. Traditionally, splenectomy has been the primary therapeutic approach for patients with splenic metastasis. However, recent advancements have highlighted non-surgical therapies as viable options. In this case report, we discuss a 57-year-old female patient with splenic metastasis originating from ovarian cancer who was successfully treated using percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA), a minimally invasive thermal ablation technique. RFA was chosen due to its ability to target the metastasis precisely, preserving splenic function and offering a faster recovery time compared to splenectomy. Ultrasound guidance facilitated accurate probe placement, ensuring effective treatment with minimal side effects. This case exemplifies the potential of RFA as an alternative to surgical intervention for patients who may not be ideal candidates for splenectomy or those who prefer a non-surgical approach. To further understand the scope of thermal ablation in treating splenic metastases, we conducted a systematic literature review of similar cases. Findings indicate that thermal ablation, including RFA, microwave ablation, and cryoablation, has shown promising results in treating splenic metastases from various primary tumors, providing a less invasive alternative with favorable outcomes. This case report, along with the literature review, suggests that percutaneous radiofrequency ablation should be considered as a viable therapeutic option for splenic metastases, particularly in patients seeking minimally invasive treatments. As evidence grows, RFA and similar thermal ablation techniques may increasingly become standard non-surgical options for managing splenic metastasis, offering effective control of metastatic lesions while preserving splenic function and reducing recovery time.